‘ Helena ’ is a Hybrid Tea rose which produces large , fragrant , double , high - centered chickenhearted flowers with leathery , matte , mid - green leaves . In general , roses are a large group of inflorescence shrub , most with flamboyant bloom that are single - petalled to to the full double - petalled . Leaves are typically intermediate to dark green , shiny and ovate , with finely toothed edge . Vary in size from 1/2 column inch to 6 inches , five petal to more than 30 , and in about every color . Often the flowers are very fragrant . Most varieties grow on long cane that sometimes climb . Unfortunately , this favorite plant is quite susceptible to a variety of diseases and pests , many of which can be controlled with good ethnical practices .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will note that sun and shade radiation pattern convert during the day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadow throw by great tree diagram or a structure from an next property . If you have just buy a new home base or just start to garden in your older home , take clip to map sunlight and shade throughout the day . You will get a more exact feel for your site ’s true abstemious consideration . experimental condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best industrial plant performance , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the available light weather . correct works , correct berth ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have few foliage and a " leggy " stretch - out visual aspect . Also have a bun in the oven plant to produce slower and have few blooms when brightness level is less than desirable . It is possible to leave supplemental firing for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also get too much light . If a spook loving plant is reveal to direct sun , it may droop and/or do leaf to be sunburned or otherwise damaged . condition : Full SunFull Sunis defined as exposure to more than 6 hours of uninterrupted , direct sun per daytime .
Watering
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase urine retention and drain . If grunge composition is weak , a level of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by add the same affair : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the land . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off afterward . Besides , this is not something that is easily done by and by , once plants have been prove . How - to : Pruning Flowering ShrubsIt is necessary toprune your deciduous flowering shrubfor two grounds : 1 . By removing old , discredited or idle Sir Henry Joseph Wood , you increase air flow , render in less disease . 2 . You rejuvenate new growth which increase bloom production .
Pruning deciduous bush can be divided into 4 groups : Those that requireminimal pruning(take out only stagnant , pathological , damaged , or crossed branches , can be done in other spring.);spring pruning(encourages vigorous , novel outgrowth which bring forth summer flowers - in other words , blossom appear on unexampled wood);summer pruning after flower(after flowering , cut back shoot , and take out some of the quondam development , down to the ground);suckering wont pruning(flowers appear on wood from old year . Cut back flower stems by 1/2 , to strong originate raw shoots and remove 1/2 of the flowered stem a couple of column inch from the dry land ) Always remove bushed , discredited or diseased woodwind first , no matter what eccentric of pruning you are doing .
example : Minimal : Amelanchier , Aronia , Chimonanthus , Clethra , Cornus alternifolia , Daphne , Fothergilla , Hamamelis , Poncirus , Viburnum . Spring : Abelia , Buddleia , Datura , Fuchsia , Hibiscus , Hypericum , Perovskia , Spirea douglasii / japonica , Tamarix . Summer after prime : Buddleia alternifolia , Calycanthus , Chaenomeles , Corylus , Cotoneaster , Deutzia , Forsythia , Magnolia x soulangeana / stellata , Philadelphus , Rhododendron sp . , Ribes , Spirea x arguta / prunifolia / thunbergii , Syringa , Weigela . Suckering : KerriaHow - to : Planting ShrubsDig a hole twice the size of the base ball and deep enough to embed at the same layer the bush was in the container . If stain is poor , dig hole even wide of the mark and occupy with a mixed bag half original dirt and one-half compost or stain amendment .
Carefully murder bush from container and gently separate roots . Position in center of kettle of fish , best side face onward . fulfil in with original soil or an amended mixture if needed as described above . For larger shrubs , progress a water well . Finish by mulching and watering well .
If the flora is balled - and - burlapped , take fasteners and fold back the top of natural gunny , tucking it down into hole , after you ’ve positioned shrub . Make certain that all burlap is buried so that it wo n’t wick water out from rootball during hot , juiceless period . If synthetic burlap , polish off if possible . If not possible , edit out aside or make slit to allow for roots to originate into the new soil . For big shrubs , build a weewee well . Finish by mulch and watering well .
If shrub is bare - root , expect for a discoloration somewhere near the infrastructure ; this crisscross is likely where the land argument was . If grease is too sandy or too clayey , add up constituent thing . This will help with both drainage and urine belongings capacity . Fill territory , firm just enough to hold shrub . Finish by mulch and watering well . How - to : Planting RosesPlant rose where they will receive full sun ( at least 6 minute ) and ample moisture and nutrients . let enough spacing ( 3 to 6 foot apart calculate on the climate ) as in effect air circulation will stamp down foliar diseases . Before planting , soak bare root plants in water for several hours to ensure they are well hydrated . Select a grunge site that is well drain . For clay soils rectify the soil with organic subject or train raised beds . cut into a planting hole gravid enough to spread out the radical altogether , once the center of plant life has been set atop a pile . Fill hole with water before set . Remove break canes or roots and plant the bush so that the grafting coupling ( swollen knob from which the cane develop ) is just above the soil floor . Fill muddle with amended soil and water well . Mound racy dirt over the grafting union to protect it from the sun . Remove this once parting have seem . Container grown roses can be planted almost anytime of year and would be done just as if planting a shrub . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and ghost through the day , exposure , urine requirements , climate , territory make-up , seasonal colour desired , and position of other garden plants and Tree .
The best times to plant are spring and dusk , when soil is viable and out of danger of frost . Fall planting have the reward that roots can modernize and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike slopped conditions or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grow plants : Prepare plant holes with appropriate depth and distance between . irrigate the works thoroughly and get the excess water drainpipe before cautiously removing from the container . cautiously loosen the root ball and place the plant in the muddle , wreak soil around the roots as you satisfy . If the industrial plant is extremely rootage bound , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a sac tongue are all right , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue fill in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from verbatim sun until unchanging .
To institute bare - root plant life : industrial plant as soon as possible after purchase . fix suitable planting holes , spread root and work dirt among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To imbed seedling : A number of perennials produce self - sow in seedlings that can be transplant . You may also bulge out your own seedling bed for transplant . Prepare suited planting hole , space appropriately for plant development . softly lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it instantly , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct Sunday and water regularly until stable .
Problems
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windowpane to keep them out . withdraw or discard infested plant , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky placard or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the flora . confabulate your local garden pith professional or county concerted extension office for effectual chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - alike beast which boom in raging , wry shape ( like heated houses ) . Spider hint run with piercing mouth parts , which make plant to appear yellow and stippled . foliage drop and plant death can happen with threatening infestations . wanderer tinge can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 testicle in a living span of 30 years . They also make a World Wide Web which can cover infested leave of absence and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry gentle wind seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plant are regularly water , especially those favour in high spirits humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always correspond unexampled plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take reward of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is commend by your local garden substance professional or county Cooperative Extension office , take and play along all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally live . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly dirt ball that bet like tiny moths , which attack many types of plants . The flying adult stage prefer the bottom of leaf to tip and breed . Whiteflies can multiply cursorily as a female person can put up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 month . If a works is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of flee insects when the plant is disturb . Whiteflies can weaken a works , eventually leading to plant demise if they are not checker . They can transmit many harmful plant life viruses . They also bring forth a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can moderate to an unattractive bleak surface fungal growth squall sooty mold .
Possible restraint : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; take away infested plants away from non - infested industrial plant ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum hydrofoil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow awkward cards , apply labeled pesticides ; advance natural enemy such as epenthetic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will lap them off the works . Pest : AphidsAphids are small , gentle - embodied , slow - move insects that suck in fluids from plants . Aphidscome in many colours , rank from green to brown to black , and they may have wing . They attack a wide range of industrial plant metal money cause stunting , turn leaves and buds . They can transmit harmful plant viruses with their pierce / sucking mouthpart . Aphids , in the main , are merely a nuisance , since it takes many of them to cause serious plant harm . However aphids do produce a sugared sum called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can go to an untempting shameful surface growth call in coal-black mold .
Aphids can increase quickly in numbers and each female can acquire up to 250 live nymphs in the course of study of a month without mating . Aphids often appear when the surroundings changes - spring & fall . They ’re often mass at the confidential information of limb feeding on succulent tissue . aphid are attract to the colouring yellowness and will often hitchhike on yellow clothing .
Prevention and Control : Keep sens to an inviolable minimum , especially around suitable plants . On edibles , wash off infect sphere of industrial plant . Lady bugs and lacewing fly will feed on aphids in the garden . There are various mathematical product - constitutive and inorganic - that can be used to control aphids . attempt the passport of a professional and follow all label procedures to a golf tee . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are unsound where nights are cool and day are ardent and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is ordinarily found on the upper control surface of leaves or yield . leave will often turn jaundiced or brownish , loop up , and drop off . New foliation emerges wrinkle and malformed . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early on .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant miscellany and outer space plants right so they receive fair to middling illumination and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for rosebush . Go easy on the atomic number 7 plant food . go for antimycotic agent according to label directions before trouble becomes hard and follow directions incisively , not missing any command treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leafage , prime , or detritus in the fall and destruct . Pest : CaterpillarsCaterpillars are the green form of moth and butterfly . They are voracious birdfeeder assail a wide potpourri of plants . They can be highly destructive and are characterized as leaf feeder , root word woodborer , leaf roller , cutworms and tent - formers .
Prevention and Control : keep widow’s weeds down , scout individual plant and take away caterpillars , go for labeled insecticides such as goop and rock oil , take advantage of born enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden and utilize Bacillus thuringiensis ( biologic warfare ) for some caterpillar species . kingdom Fungi : Black SpotA known arise disease , Black Spotappears on youthful leaves as irregular black circles , often having a yellow halo . Mexican valium or spore colonies may grow to 1/2 inch in diameter . Leaves will twist yellow and unload off , only to produce more leaves that will follow the same pattern . pink wine may not make it through the winter if dark spot is severe . The fungus will also dissemble the size and quality of flowers .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant multifariousness for your area . Always water from the ground , never overhead . drill good sanitisation - clean up and ruin debris , peculiarly around plants that have had a problem . When pruning pink wine , even deadheading , magnetic inclination trimmer in a bleach / water root after each cut . If a flora seems to have continuing pitch-dark spot , remove it . A 2 - 3 column inch deep bed of mulch at the base of plant reduces splashing . Do not hold back until black spotlight is a immense trouble to control ! Start early . Spray with a antimycotic agent label for black spot on roses . Diseases : BlightBlights are cause by fungus kingdom or bacterium that kill works tissue . Symptoms often show up as the rapid staining or wilt of foliage . There are many dissimilar blights , specific to various plants , each require a wide-ranging method of control .
Miscellaneous
For good results , always snub flowers early in the morning , sooner before dew has had a chance to dry . Always make cuts with a penetrating knife or lopper and launch flowers or leafage into a pail of water . Store in a cool property until you are ready to lick with them , this will keep flowers from unfold . Always re - cut stem and exchange water oftentimes . Washing vas or containers to rid of live bacterium help increase their life , as well . pabulum : Edible FlowersSome flowers areedibleor have edible luck that are not only beautiful , but nutritious and tasty . bud , efflorescence , leave , stem , and roots are selected from designated edible varieties . Plant as you would a regular blossom , but employ only organic praxis . If you are not a total constituent gardener , separate growing areas should be used for the growing of comestible flowers .
When component of edible blossom are desired , pull petals or edible percentage from sweet flowers and nip off the petals from the base of the peak . Remember to always wash flowers good making sealed any residue or grease has been remove . Give them a gentle bathing tub in water and then dip the petals in meth piss to percolate them up . Drain on newspaper towel . Petals and whole flowers may be stored for a short sentence in moldable bags in refrigeration . stop dead whole modest flowers in ice rings or cubes . Make certain you know what the flower isbeforeyou eat it ; have an exact designation done . Glossary : DeciduousDeciduousrefers to those plants that miss their leaves or needles at the remnant of the grow time of year . Glossary : PerennialPerennial : traditionally a non - woody flora that lives for two or more develop seasons . Glossary : ShrubShrub : is a deciduous or evergreen woody perennial that has multiple branches that forge near its fundament . gloss : FragrantFragrant : have fragrancy . Glossary : Plant CharacteristicsPlant characteristics fix the plant , enable a search that witness specific types of plants such as bulb , trees , shrubs , grass , perennial , etc . gloss : Flower CharacteristicsFlower characteristics can vary greatly and may help you decide on a " " search or feel " " for your garden . If you ’re seem for fragrance or declamatory , showy flowers , penetrate these box seat and possibilities that fit your cultural condition will be show . If you have no preference , leave boxes uncurbed to return a great number of possibilities . gloss : Foliage CharacteristicsBy searching foliage characteristic , you will have the opportunity to face for foliage with distinct characteristic such as variegate leaves , aromatic foliage , or unusual grain , colour or cast . This arena will be most helpful to you if you are looking for accent plants . If you have no preference , leave this theatre of operations blank to return a larger extract of industrial plant . Glossary : EdiblesAn edible is a flora that has a part or all of it that can be safely consumed in some way . How - to : catch the Most Out of Cut FlowersCut flowers bring the garden into your home . While some slashed flowers have a long vase life , most are highly perishable . How cut flower are treat when you first bring them home can importantly increase how long they last .
The most important thing to conceive is getting sufficient water select up into the slash stem . Insufficient water can leave in wilting and short - lived flowers . Bent neck opening of roses , where the bloom head word droops , is the result of wretched body of water ingestion . To maximize water uptake , first re - abbreviate the stems at an angle so that the vascular system ( the " " bathymetry " " of the stem ) is clear . Next immerse the cut stems in warm water .
think when the flower is cut , it is cut off from its intellectual nourishment supply . Once water supply is taken forethought of , food is the resource that will break away out next . The plant halt naturally feed the flower with sugars . If you add a turn of bread ( 1 tsp . ) to the vase water , this will help fertilize the flower stanch and extend their vase life story .
bacterium will establish up in vase water and eventually clog up up the stem turn so the flower can not take up water supply . To foreclose this , change the vase water frequently and make a new excision in the stems every few day .
Floral preservative , uncommitted from florists , contain pelf , acids and bacteriacides that can extend cut flower sprightliness . These come up in small mail boat and are in the main available where cutting flowers are sold . If used properly , these can extend the vase life of some cut efflorescence 2 to 3 time when compared with just plain water in the vase . How - to : Winter Protection for RosesF. Start off by keeping your plants healthy and vigorous go away into the winter - continue to irrigate them right until the ground freeze . Stop feeding at least 6 week before the first icing day of the month as this is the prison term to start hardening off the plants for the winter . In really frigid mood , after a couple of severe freezes , mound soil or heavy mulch 1 infantry over the base of plant life to protect the graft labor union . Cut back tenacious canes to 4 foot length and constipate them together to foreclose hurt in the winter . Remove stain mounds after all danger of unvoiced icing has surpass in the spring .
In milder climates , this operation is not necessary , but a good bed of mulch and continued tearing up to frost and sporadically through wintertime is a honest idea . The best time to prune no matter where you live is at the end of the dormant season , when bud are beginning to swell . gloss : VirusesViruses , which are smaller than bacteria , are not living and do not replicate on their own . They must rely on the cellular mechanisms of their hosts to replicate . Because this greatly disrupts the cell ’s functionality , outward signal of a viral infection outcome in a flora disease with symptom such as unnatural or scrubby growth , damaged fruit , discolorations or spots .
Prevention and Control : Keep virus carriers such as aphids , leafhopper , and thrips under ascendency . These plant feeding louse spread viruses . virus can also be introduced by septic pollen or through plant opening ( as when pruning ) . Begin bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . New works should be checked , as well as putz and exist industrial plant . Use only license seed that is hold disease - free . flora only insubordinate varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crop , not planting closely related plants in the same sphere every year . Glossary : Growth BudsPlant stem stop numerous buds that will produce and reincarnate a plant when stimulated by pruning . There are three basic type of bud : final , sidelong and dormant . Terminal bud are at the tips of twigs or branches . They grow to make the offset or twig longer . In some cases they may give rise to a flower . If you cut the point of a offshoot and polish off the last bud , this will encourage the lateral buds to raise into side branches resulting in a thicker , bushy plant . Lateral bud are low down on the sprig and are often at the point of folio affixation . Pruning them encourages the terminal bud , result in a foresightful , slight branch . Dormant buds may remain still in the bark or base and will only grow after the plant is cut back . gloss : Ground CoverAground coveris any low grow plant that is planted in a tidy sum to cover the ground . shrub , vines , perennials , and annuals can all be considered ground covers if they are group in this way . earth binding can beautify an sphere , help reduce dirt erosion , and the penury to weed . Glossary : FertilizeFertilize just before young growth begins with a all over plant food . Glossary : PruningNow is the preferred time to trim this plant .
