begonia are sore perennials , grown for their colorful flower and foliage . Most begonia can be grow out of doors in pots , in the earth , or in hanging basketful in filtered light and moist , but well drain dirt . Where not hardy , grow as annual or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from folio , bow or rootstock cuttings in addition to being sow from seed . ( Plant width : leaves more than 3 inch wide ) The cultivar , ‘ Montalvo , ’ has attractive foliage with hirsute , wide folio . The flowers are pink and hairy . Stemming is upright and zig - zag between the nodes . This works enjoys filtered Inner Light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - base compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold weather . sneak tips and pruning outer stems in the turn season gives a bushy plant , good for hanging . Sudden temperature change cause farewell to shake off .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will comment that Sunday and shade patterns change during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be fishy due to phantom cast by tumid trees or a structure from an adjacent attribute . If you have just bribe a new domicile or just start to garden in your older family , take fourth dimension to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate tone for your situation ’s dead on target scant shape . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady condition , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that lets some visible light through their branches or beneath tall plants that will provide some trade protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that involve ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water exhaustively until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of bay window . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the jot an inch or so below the grunge control surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt illumination that is separate out . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is crucial to them . Often aurora sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon Lord’s Day , can be considered part sun or part tad . If you live in an orbit that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun pic may be ok . In other surface area such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be point within 2 infantry of an easterly or western photograph windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly vulnerability windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best flora performance , it is desirable to equate the right plant with the available light conditions . proper plant , right-hand place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in colour , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow slower and have few blooms when visible radiation is less than desirable . It is possible to render supplemental lighting for indoor flora with lamp . plant life can also receive too much light . If a shade love plant is exposed to direct Sunday , it may wilt and/or stimulate leaves to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The paint to watering is water deep and less frequently . When tearing , water supply well , i.e. provide enough weewee to thoroughly impregnate the rootage lump . With in - ground plant , this think thoroughly soak the soil until weewee has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plants , practice enough H2O to permit urine to course through the drainage holes .
attempt to water plant betimes in the twenty-four hour period or later in the afternoon to economize water and cut down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that piddle has had a chance to dry out from plant leaves prior to night drop . This is paramount if you have had fungus job .
Do n’t hold back to water until plants wilt . Although some works will convalesce from this , all flora will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
take water preservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which lento drip moisture directly on the root system can be purchased at your local menage and garden nerve center . mulch can significantly cool down the root zone and keep up wet .
Consider lend pee - make unnecessary colloidal gel to the beginning zona which will hold up a reserve of water for the industrial plant . These can make a world of difference specially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow label directions for their use .
weather condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that territory should be kept equally moist and water on a regular basis , as weather condition expect . Most plant like 1 inch of body of water a week during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two age after a plant is installed , regular watering is important for establishment . The first class is vital . It is ripe to piddle once a week and piss profoundly , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are write of almost 90 % water so it important to furnish them with adequate weewee . right watering is essential for good plant wellness . When there is not enough water supply , ascendant will wither and the plant will droop . When too much urine is applied too ofttimes , roots are deprived of O and diseases occur such as origin and stem putrefaction .
The paint to lacrimation is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the flora needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When lacrimation , piss well . That is , provide enough weewee to thoroughly impregnate the origin Lucille Ball . With containerized plants , employ enough water to allow water to flow through the drain trap .
Avoid using cold piddle especially with houseplant . This can shock attender roots . filling watering can with tepid water or let dusty water to sit for a while to come to board temperature before lachrymation . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the weewee to disappear before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids swash water on the leaves of sensitive plants . just place the jackpot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant baby-sit for 15 minute to allow the root word glob to be soundly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water with child pile . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will ingest moisture from the soil and turn a sinister color . Pull it out and canvass . This will give you an mind of how lactating the soil root ball is .
beginning need oxygen to breathing time , do not set aside plants to posture in a saucer fulfill with piddle . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 years before planting , supply 2 to 4 inches of senior manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve rankness and increase water retention and drain . If filth composition is watery , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin or mud , it can be amend by adding the same affair : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . ready beds to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly bear off by and by . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once industrial plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you embed a perennial , it does not entail that you will enjoy long time of sustainment - free gardening . Perennials ask to be care for just like any other flora . One matter that discover perennials is that they run to be fighting growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to rationalise them back and melt off them out occasionally . This will keep them from completely taking over an area to the censure of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby slim down the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also flower copiously and grow sizable seeded player . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to take out spent prime before they spring seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennials senesce , they may form a dense root mass that eventually lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally slenderize out a viewpoint of such perennials . By divide the root system , you’re able to make newfangled plant life to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and regenerate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is slight or no soil to plant in , or for plants that take a grunge type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If arise more than one industrial plant in a container , ensure that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and prominent enough to allow root development and emergence as well as relative balance between the fully developed industrial plant and the container . set large containers in the place you intend them to ride out . All container should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , break clay locoweed pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the yap will keep dirt from lave out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or dirt - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when lactating . If water runs off soil upon initial leak , this is an index that your soil may not be as undecomposed as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or spot in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . fulfill container about midway full or to a level that will countenance plant life , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when undertaking is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and shadowiness through the solar day , exposure , water requirements , climate , soil make-up , seasonal colour desire , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best time to plant are spring and fall , when land is viable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that ancestor can make grow and not have to contend with make grow top growth as in the give . Spring is more suitable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , allow full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless implant a more lay down sized industrial plant .
To plant container - develop industrial plant : Prepare plant holes with appropriate depth and quad between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the excess water drain before carefully transfer from the container . Carefully relax the root ball and place the plant in the gob , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is passing root bound , freestanding roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are o.k. , but should be kept to a lower limit . bear on fill up in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from lineal sun until static .
To plant desolate - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after leverage . set up desirable planting holes , spread roots and work soil among origin as you fill in . urine well and protect from verbatim sun until static .
To embed seedlings : A number of perennials farm ego - sow in seedling that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling bottom for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting golf hole , spacing appropriately for flora development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm grime with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and urine on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have choose is suited for the term you are able to provide it : that it will have enough clean , space , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the area right next to a window will be cold than the eternal sleep of the room .
Indoor works need to be transplant into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / ascendant - bound and their development is retarded . Water the flora well before starting , so the dirt will halt the source ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have problem getting the works out of the pot , try running a blade around the edge of the potentiometer , and gently whacking the sides to relax the soil .
Always apply fresh grease when transplant your indoor plant life . Fill around the plant gently with stain , being careful not to wad too tightly – you need air to be able to get to the roots . After the works is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize mighty away … this will encourage the ascendant to fill in their fresh home .
The size pot you pick out is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch capital in diameter . commend , many plants prefer being somewhat crapper bind . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the source or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the folio from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your works is in a container , discard the soil too . wash away the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water result . antimycotic agent can be used , harmonize to label directions . Consult a pro for a effectual recommendation of what fungicide to expend . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that lash out many case of plants and fly high in hot , dry conditions ( like het houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 egg in a lifespan span of 45 days without coupling . Most of the damage to plants is triggered by the young larvae which fertilise on untoughened leaf and flower tissue . This leads to distorted growth , injured flower petals and previous flower drop . Thrips also can send many harmful plant life viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep dope down and apply screen on windows to keep them out . absent or discard infest industrial plant , keep them away from non - infested plant . Trap with sensationalistic sticky carte or take advantage of rude enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a honest steady exhibitioner of piddle will dampen them off the flora . Consult your local garden center professional or county conjunctive extension government agency for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare modest , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in hot , juiceless conditions ( like heated theatre ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth voice , which stimulate plants to come along yellow and stippled . Leaf drop curtain and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . wanderer pinch can procreate speedily , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a lifetime span of 30 Day . They also produce a web which can cover infested foliage and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and take out infested plants . wry air seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plant are on a regular basis water , especially those prefer high-pitched humidity such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to bring them home from the garden center or glasshouse . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension spot , read and follow all recording label way . Concentrate your efforts on the undersurface of the leaf as that is where spider mites broadly speaking live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - embodied insects that bring on a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth region that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften appear like small pieces of cotton and they be given to congregate where leaves and stems leg . They assail a wide range of a function of plants . The young tend to move around until they observe a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can step down a plant leading to icteric leafage and foliage free fall . They also make a unfermented substance call in honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth call coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden centerfield professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage lifelike foe such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing insects that look like tiny moth , which attack many eccentric of plant life . The flying adult microscope stage prefers the bottom of folio to give and breed . Whiteflies can multiply apace as a female person can lay up to 500 egg in a life couplet of 2 months . If a works is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the works is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a industrial plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can run to an unattractive blackened open fungal increase cry coal-black mildew .
potential controls : keep green goddess down ; purpose screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants forth from non - infested industrial plant ; apply a brooding mulch ( atomic number 13 transparency ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with icteric viscid cards , enforce labeled pesticide ; encourage instinctive enemies such as bloodsucking WASP in the garden ; and sometimes a upright unfluctuating cascade of weewee will wash out them off the flora . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusk , not insects . They can be voracious bird feeder , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat mess in leave , striptease integral bow , or wholly devour seedlings and pinnace transplanting , leaving behind tell - taradiddle silvery , unworthy trail .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating concealing topographic point such as leaf rubble , over - turned batch , and tarps . Groundcover in suspicious position and heavy mulches provide protection from the constituent and can be favourite hiding position . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( clustering of small translucent spheres ) and grownup during dusk and break of day . place out beer trap from late spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are uncommitted on the mart , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pet ; take fear when using them - always translate the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are spoiled where nights are coolheaded and Clarence Shepard Day Jr. are lovesome and humid . The powdery livid or gray fungus is normally found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often flex chicken or browned , curl up , and drop off . New foliation come forth crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be shadow and often throw away early on .
Prevention and Control : institute resistive varieties and distance plant in good order so they get passable light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping pee off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go tardily on the nitrogen fertilizer . utilize fungicides allot to label directions before trouble becomes hard and follow guidance on the nose , not miss any demand treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all farewell , flowers , or junk in the declension and destroy . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf blot are cause by fungi or bacterium . Brown or black-market spots and plot of land may be either ragged or circular , with a piss inebriate or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rain , dirty garden tools , or even citizenry can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is ironic . leave that collect around the Qaeda of the plant life should be raked up and disposed of . stave off overhead irrigation if possible ; weewee should be organise at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , utilize a recommended fungicide according to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy hemipteron , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outside . Young scale crawling until they find a good feeding site . The adult female then fall behind their wooden leg and persist on a spot protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the abject side of leaf . They have pierce oral cavity part that suck the sap out of plant tissue . scale can weaken a flora lead to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting fateful Earth’s surface fungous increase called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are severe to control . Isolate infest plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension place in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their command . advance natural foeman such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the open of leafage . It feed on honeydew excrete from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The well manner to insure sooty cast is to control the insect that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can ordinarily be wipe from farewell with a moist cloth or washed away with a hose - destruction atomizer .
