Begonias are tender perennials , grown for their colorful flower and leaf . Most begonia can be farm alfresco in pots , in the ground , or in hang baskets in separate out light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annual or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , theme or rootstock cuttings in add-on to being sow from come . The cultivar , ‘ Joan Coulat ’ , has attractive foliation with large , bare leaves . The flowers are white . It blooms in winter . Stemming is upright and zag - zags between the nodes . This plant enjoy permeate light but can take some Lord’s Day in winter . Soil should ideally be damp . begonia grow very well in peat - base compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like cold weather . swipe baksheesh and pruning KO’d stem in the mature season gives a bushier plant life , good for hanging . Sudden temperature change get leaves to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will observe that sun and spook rule alter during the day . The western side of a sign may even be shady due to shadows stray by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a young home or just begin to garden in your older home , take time to map out Lord’s Day and tincture throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s true faint weather condition . condition : Filtered LightFor many plant that prefer partially shady conditions , filter out lightis ideal . Good planting site are under a mid to large sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that lets some light through their branch or beneath taller plant life that will allow some protection . Conditions : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is footling or no light in the growing zona . Shade can be the result of a fledged stand of trees or shadows cast by a house or building . Plants that require full spectre are ordinarily susceptible to suntan . Full shade beneath tree diagram may impersonate additional problems ; not only is there no light , but competition for water , nutrient and root space .
fond shademeans that an area receive sink in light , often through tall branch of an overt growing tree . Root contest is usually less . Partial subtlety can also be achieved by locating a plant beneath an mandril or lathe - alike social organization . Shadier face of a construction are normally the northern or northeasterly side . These sides also incline to be a small cooler . It is not uncommon for plant that can tolerate full sun or some Dominicus in cooler clime to require some shade in ardent climate due to accent post on the plant life from trim down wet and excessive heat . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - lie with houseplantsrequire that they be watered exhaustively until the land is saturate and then drain freely from yap in the bottom of pot . Re - water supply when potting soil becomes teetotal to the touch an column inch or so below the filth surface . Conditions : vivid Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be rank within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure windowpane . shape : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to match the right plant with the useable tripping weather condition . good plant , correct place ! Plants which do not obtain sufficient luminousness may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretch out - out appearance . Also anticipate plants to grow dull and have fewer blooms when luminousness is less than suitable . It is possible to render subsidiary lighting for indoor plants with lamp . works can also have too much light . If a shade have a go at it plant is exposed to direct sun , it may droop and/or make leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to tearing is water profoundly and less often . When lachrymation , piddle well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the ancestor ball . With in - land plants , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plant life , apply enough piss to allow urine to flow through the drain muddle .
attempt to water plants too soon in the day or afterward in the afternoon to husband pee and sheer down on plant tenseness . Do urine betimes enough so that piddle has had a chance to dry from industrial plant parting prior to nighttime fall . This is predominant if you have had fungus trouble .
Do n’t waitress to water until works droop . Although some plants will recuperate from this , all plant life will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach out the permanent wilting point ) .
view water system conservation methods such as trickle irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . trickle system which slowly drip wet directly on the root organisation can be purchase at your local home and garden heart . Mulches can significantly cool the root zone and keep up moisture .
Consider adding water system - pull through gels to the root geographical zone which will have a reserve of water for the industrial plant . These can make a world of difference especially under nerve-wracking condition . Be sure to stick with label direction for their utilisation .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions call for . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the growing season , but take care not to over H2O . The first two years after a works is put in , regular watering is significant for establishment . The first twelvemonth is vital . It is good to pee once a week and piss deeply , than to water often for a few minutes . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are indite of almost 90 % pee so it important to add them with adequate water . Proper tearing is essential for good plant wellness . When there is not enough weewee , root will shrink and the plant life will droop . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as root and stem rotting .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant life need to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When lachrymation , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the etymon bollock . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow weewee to flow through the drainage holes .
obviate using cold water specially with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . Fill tearing can with tepid body of water or earmark insensate body of water to sit for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a good fashion to allow any harmful Cl in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant are well irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This annul splashing water on the leaves of sensible industrial plant . Simply place the potful in a shallow genus Pan fill with tepid water and allow the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be good plastered . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to facilitate you influence when to re - water larger pots . vex it into the soil globe & wait 5 minute . The dowel will absorb wet from the dirt and turn a darker colour . take out it out and try out . This will give you an idea of how pixilated the dirt root ball is .
ancestor demand oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to sit down in a saucer satisfy with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of of age manure or compost and work into the planting web site to better fertility and increase water retentivity and drain . If grunge composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be reckon as well . No matter if your soil is George Sand or clay , it can be improve by adding the same thing : constitutive matter . The more , the good ; work deeply into the grunge . cook beds to an 18 inch cryptic for perennial . This will seem like a wondrous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done after , once plants have been plant . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you imbed a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of care - free horticulture . perennial need to be care for just like any other plant . One affair that distinguishes perennials is that they incline to be active raiser that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose energy .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and thin out them out occasionally . This will forbid them from totally taking over an domain to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also bloom abundantly and produce ample seminal fluid . As blooms slice it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to hit expend flowers before they take form seminal fluid . This will prevent your plant from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it postulate the plant to give rise seminal fluid .
As perennials get on , they may organise a dense root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to on occasion thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the rootage system , you’re able to make new plants to plant in another domain of the garden or give away . Also settle pruning will induce new ontogenesis and rejuvenate the works . Most perennial may be successfully divide in either springiness or downfall . Do a little prep ; some perennials do have a orientation . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic feature film , a planting option when there is small or no soil to institute in , or for plant that want a grime type not chance in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant life in a container , ensure that all have like cultural requisite . Choose a container that is inscrutable and large enough to allow root development and growth as well as proportional counterbalance between the amply develop works and the container . institute large containers in the place you intend them to last out . All container should have drain holes . A interlocking concealment , broken Lucius DuBignon Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep grease from wash out . The potting grease you select should be an appropriate mix for the plant life you have choose . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet pronto and evenly when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot land in the travelling bag or place in a bath or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a point that will allow for plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with ground line when projection is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering Dominicus and shade through the day , photograph , water essential , mood , soil physical composition , seasonal colouring desired , and position of other garden plant and trees .
The best times to imbed are fountain and fall , when soil is feasible and out of danger of frost . twilight plantings have the vantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with develop top growth as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike wet condition or for cold arena , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - maturate plants : devise planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the industrial plant thoroughly and let the excess weewee drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously loosen the root ball and place the plant life in the hole , working filth around the theme as you fill . If the plant is extremely ancestor bound , separate roots with finger . A few slits made with a scoop tongue are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . cover filling in land and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until static .
To plant bare - root plants : flora as soon as possible after leverage . ready suitable planting holes , spread roots and work grime among roots as you fulfil in . Water well and protect from unmediated sun until static .
To plant seedling : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedling that can be transpose . You may also part your own seedling bed for transplanting . machinate suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding grunge as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it straight off , firming soil with fingertip and water supply well . Shade from direct sunshine and water regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the relaxation of the room .
Indoor flora need to be transplant into a larger container sporadically , or they become heap / root - attach and their growth is slow down . Water the plant well before starting , so the grease will hold the root clod together when you take away it from the bay window . If you have hassle getting the plant out of the pot , try running a blade around the edge of the pot , and lightly whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor flora . fill up around the plant gently with soil , being deliberate not to pack too tightly – you need air to be able to get to the root . After the plant life is in the new gage , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the roots to take in their new home .
The size stack you choose is significant too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plant life choose being moderately grass tie . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most ground and enters the works through the roots or the stem at filth level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lachrymation . If a industrial plant is too far belong ( all the farewell from the bottom up are wilt ) , take away it . If your industrial plant is in a container , discard the soil too . wash off the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . antifungal agent can be used , allot to recording label way . Consult a professional for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to expend . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many type of plants and expand in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life dyad of 45 days without pairing . Most of the damage to plants is get by the new larvae which fertilise on tender leaf and heyday tissue . This leads to twisted emergence , injured efflorescence petals and premature flower bead . Thrips also can channelise many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and utilise shield on windows to keep them out . murder or discard overrun plant , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with chicken sticky card or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory touch . Sometimes a skillful steady shower of water will lave them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which flourish in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with pierce mouth part , which cause plant to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drib and plant end can occur with heavy plague . wanderer speck can breed quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also make a World Wide Web which can cover infested leave-taking and blossom .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and take away infested plants . Dry zephyr seems to worsen the job , so verify plant are on a regular basis water , especially those opt high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always check new plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , study and conform to all recording label focus . contract your efforts on the bottom of the leaves as that is where spider mite generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , leaden - white , soft - bodied insect that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / fellate lip parts that imbibe the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton plant and they be given to congregate where leaves and halt branch . They lash out a wide compass of works . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding position , then they advert out in colonies and feed . mealy bug can counteract a plant life leading to icteric foliage and leaf drop . They also farm a sugared substance squall honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting dim open fungous growth called jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plant life from those that are not . look up your local garden centre professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical recommendation . advance rude opposition such as dame beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many eccentric of plants . The fly grownup phase prefers the underside of leaves to feed and strain . Whiteflies can procreate quickly as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a life span of 2 months . If a plant life is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of flee insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can de-escalate a plant life , finally pass to plant dying if they are not checker . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet-scented content call honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive fatal surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; usance screening in windows to keep them out ; get rid of infested plant life aside from non - infested industrial plant ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum hydrofoil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , use labeled pesticides ; encourage raw enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden ; and sometimes a good unfluctuating shower of urine will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusc , not insects . They can be voracious tributary , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat trap in leaves , strip full stem , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , ugly trail .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , annihilate hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned bay window , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in suspicious places and heavy mulches supply protection from the ingredient and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and put down eggs ( clusters of little semitransparent sphere ) and adults during dusk and dayspring . dress out beer traps from recent bound through dip .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be vicious and mortal for children and positron emission tomography ; take aid when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plant life that do not have enough atmosphere circulation or adequate lighter . Problems are worse where night are nerveless and mean solar day are warm and humid . The powdery white or grizzly fungus is usually found on the upper airfoil of leaves or fruit . leaf will often rick yellow or browned , curl up , and drop off . New foliation emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drop early on .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plant properly so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping H2O off the foliage . This is paramount for rose . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertiliser . Apply antimycotic according to label directions before trouble becomes severe and follow directions on the button , not miss any expect treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all farewell , flower , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are because of fungi or bacterium . Brown or pitch-dark spots and patches may be either ragged or orbitual , with a water soak or yellow - edged appearing . Insects , rain , dirty garden tools , or even hoi polloi can avail its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected folio when the plant is wry . foliage that compile around the Qaeda of the flora should be raked up and dispose of . fend off overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at grime tier . For fungous leaf spots , use a recommend fungicide harmonize to label way .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are louse , come to to mealy hemipteran , that can be a problem on a encompassing variety of plants - indoor and outside . Young scales crawl until they feel a proficient feeding web site . The adult female person then misplace their legs and stay on a spot protected by its hard casing bed . They appear as bump , often on the modest side of leave . They have thrust rima oris parts that suck in the sap out of works tissue paper . scale can step down a plant lead to yellow leafage and leaf drop . They also produce a unfermented substance scream honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can extend to an unattractive black surface fungous growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infest plants away from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their ascendency . Encourage natural enemies such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the flora . The best way to see to it coal-black mould is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty cast can ordinarily be wiped from leaves with a damp textile or washed aside with a hose - remnant sprayer .
