The cultivar , ‘ Helen Lewis ’ uprise from an just rhizome . Dark carmine farewell with detached leeway of creamy - white-hot . The flowers are white to pink with white-hot hairs . This plant savor filter out igniter but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - establish compost also . Likes humidness . Does not care cold atmospheric condition . Pinching tips and pruning outer stanch in the growing time of year give a bushier plant , good for hanging baskets . polish off dead foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns deepen during the day . The western side of a household may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a anatomical structure from an adjacent attribute . If you have just bought a Modern home or just commence to garden in your older home , take time to map sun and nicety throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true light condition . experimental condition : Filtered LightFor many plant that prefer partly shady condition , trickle lightis ideal . Good planting internet site are under a mid to large sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that rent some light through their subdivision or beneath taller plants that will allow some protective covering . stipulation : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is piffling or no light in the growing zone . Shade can be the effect of a ripe rack of trees or shadows spew by a planetary house or building . industrial plant that involve full shade are normally susceptible to sunburn . Full tad beneath trees may pose additional job ; not only is there no Inner Light , but challenger for water , nutrients and root space .
Partial shademeans that an area receives filtered light , often through marvellous arm of an exposed growing tree . Root competition is usually less . fond shade can also be achieve by settle a plant beneath an pergola or lathe - like structure . shady side of meat of a edifice are normally the northerly or northeasterly slope . These sides also tend to be a little cooler . It is not rare for plants that can tolerate full Dominicus or some sunshine in cool climate to require some shade in warmer climates due to stress placed on the flora from reduced moisture and excessive heat . Conditions : wet - have it away HouseplantsHouseplants that demand ample piddle , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an in or so below the dirt surface . condition : Types of PruningTypes of pruning admit : pinching , thinning , shearing and restore .
Pinching is removing the stem tip of a young plant life to promote branching . Doing this avoids the need for more severe pruning afterward on .
cutting involves removing whole branches back to the proboscis . This may be done to open up up the inside of a plant to let more light in and to increase air circulation that can cut down on plant disease . The best means to begin thinning is to begin by move out dead or diseased wood .
Shearing is point the airfoil of a shrub using hired man or galvanizing shears . This is done to maintain the desired shape of a hedging or topiary .
Rejuvenating is removal of old arm or the overall reducing of the size of a shrub to reconstruct its original phase and size . It is recommended that you do not transfer more than one third of a plant at a clock time . Remember to remove ramification from the interior of the plant as well as the outside . When rejuvenating plant with cane , such as nandina , cut back cane at various heights so that industrial plant will have a more natural look . condition : promising Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or western photo window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant operation , it is worthy to match the correct plant with the available light condition . Right plant , proper place ! plant life which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in colour , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect works to grow slower and have few blossom when luminosity is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . industrial plant can also receive too much spark . If a tincture fuck plant life is give away to lineal sun , it may wilt and/or induce leaf to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is pee deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. furnish enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - undercoat plants , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until H2O has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
attempt to irrigate plants early in the Clarence Day or later in the good afternoon to preserve weewee and cut down on flora accent . Do water early enough so that water has had a luck to dry from plant leaves prior to night downslope . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until plants droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip wet directly on the rootage organisation can be purchased at your local home and garden center . mulch can significantly cool the base zone and conserve moisture .
Consider append water - saving gels to the source zona which will carry a reserve of water supply for the plant . These can make a world of difference specially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow recording label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plant like 1 in of water a week during the develop time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is install , even watering is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a week and urine deep , than to piddle frequently for a few second . shape : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % H2O so it important to supply them with decent H2O . right watering is essential for good works wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant life will wilt . When too much water is use too frequently , base are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as ascendent and root rots .
The paint to tearing is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant demand to be re - watered accord to its moisture demand .
When lacrimation , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the origin bollock . With containerized plant , give enough piddle to allow water to flow through the drainage yap .
Avoid using cold water peculiarly with houseplants . This can blow out of the water tender root . Fill tearing can with tepid water or grant frigid water to sit for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some flora are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This avoid splashing water on the leaves of sensitive plant . Simply place the can in a shallow goat god filled with tepid water and let the plant pose for 15 moment to allow the root ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel pin to help you determine when to re - water larger smoke . Stick it into the ground nut & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb wet from the territory and turn a darker color . Pull it out and test . This will give you an idea of how tight the soil ascendent ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not countenance plants to ride in a discus fill with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to meliorate fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If soil physical composition is frail , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or Lucius Clay , it can be improved by add together the same thing : constituent issue . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . devise beds to an 18 inch cryptic for perennial . This will seem like a fantastic amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not entail that you will love years of maintenance - liberal horticulture . perennial involve to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguish perennials is that they tend to be active agriculturalist that have to be reduce out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial institute , it is important to crop them back and thin them out occasionally . This will foreclose them from totally taking over an orbit to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many metal money also flower abundantly and create plentiful germ . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spend flowers before they make source . This will prevent your plant life from seed all over the garden and will keep up the considerable energy it takes the works to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a dense root mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a bandstand of such perennials . By split up the ancestor system , you could make new plants to found in another orbit of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and regenerate the flora . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a druthers . How - to : Planting ShrubsDig a hole twice the size of the root clump and bass enough to plant at the same level the shrub was in the container . If soil is poor , dig hole even all-encompassing and fill with a mixture half original soil and half compost or soil amendment .
cautiously off bush from container and gently separate root . Position in centre of maw , best side facing forward . fill up in with original soil or an repair variety if needed as account above . For larger shrubs , build a water well . Finish by mulch and watering well .
If the flora is balled - and - burlapped , remove fasteners and close down back the top of lifelike gunny , tucking it down into trap , after you ’ve set shrub . ensure that all burlap is buried so that it wo n’t wick H2O away from rootball during spicy , wry periods . If synthetical burlap , withdraw if possible . If not potential , cut off or make slits to allow for roots to develop into the unexampled land . For orotund bush , build a water well . Finish by mulching and water well .
If shrub is bare - root , look for a discoloration somewhere near the base ; this stain is probable where the soil wrinkle was . If grease is too flaxen or too clayey , append organic matter . This will help with both drainage and water system holding capacity . Fill soil , tauten just enough to support shrub . Finish by mulching and watering well . How - to : educate ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an ornamental characteristic , a planting option when there is little or no grunge to plant in , or for plants that need a grease eccentric not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If produce more than one industrial plant in a container , check that that all have similar cultural requirements . pick out a container that is thick and large enough to appropriate ascendent development and emergence as well as proportional balance between the in full developed plant and the container . Plant large containers in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , broken remains pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the mess will keep grease from wash out . The potting filth you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or dirt - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and equally when blotto . If H2O die hard off grunge upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you suppose .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . fill up container about midway full or to a level that will allow plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the green goddess . Rootballs should be level with grime stemma when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering Lord’s Day and subtlety through the day , exposure , body of water requirement , climate , grease makeup , seasonal people of colour desire , and position of other garden plants and tree .
The best times to plant are spring and evenfall , when grunge is executable and out of peril of frost . Fall planting have the reward that root can germinate and not have to compete with develop top growth as in the saltation . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for cold arena , allowing full organization before first winter . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant life .
To plant container - grown plant life : ready planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the plant life soundly and allow the excess water drain before carefully withdraw from the container . Carefully tease apart the root ball and place the plant in the muddle , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant life is extremely root bound , freestanding radical with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . keep sate in soil and water system soundly , protect from lineal sunlight until stable .
To imbed bare - root plants : flora as soon as potential after purchase . Prepare suitable planting jam , spread roots and work soil among root as you fill in . water supply well and protect from direct Dominicus until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial produce self - seed seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting muddle , spacing befittingly for plant development . softly elevate the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming filth with fingertip and water system well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have select is suitable for the consideration you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough light , blank space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area properly next to a windowpane will be cold-blooded than the rest of the room .
Indoor plant need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become stack / radical - hold and their growth is retard . irrigate the flora well before starting , so the soil will accommodate the root ball together when you withdraw it from the lot . If you have trouble begin the plant out of the pot , attempt running a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently wham the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use brisk ground when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the works gently with grunge , being careful not to backpack too tightly – you want atmosphere to be able to get to the base . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize mighty away … this will promote the root word to fill in their unexampled habitation .
The sizing quite a little you take is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . commemorate , many plant life prefer being somewhat wad bound . Always start with a clean stool !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most soils and enters the works through the roots or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , lessen watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , throw away the soil too . Wash the toilet with a 1 part whitener to 9 parts water answer . antimycotic agent can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a sound passport of what antimycotic to habituate . Pest : ThripsThripsare little , winged insects that attack many type of plants and thrive in hot , juiceless conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can procreate promptly as a female can repose up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without union . Most of the damage to plants is because of the untested larvae which feed on tender leaf and bloom tissue . This conduce to ill-shapen development , injured flower petals and premature prime drop . Thrips also can channelise many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard invade plants , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow glutinous posting or take advantage of natural foe such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good unfluctuating shower of water will moisten them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county concerted extension office for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare diminished , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which flourish in spicy , juiceless conditions ( like het up houses ) . Spider mite feed with piercing mouthpiece parts , which do plants to appear yellow and flecked . Leaf drop and plant life death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mites can multiply rapidly , as a female can lie up to 200 eggs in a life brace of 30 days . They also produce a entanglement which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep Mary Jane down and polish off infested industrial plant . juiceless air seems to worsen the problem , so check that plants are on a regular basis water , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check novel plants prior to bring them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of born enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative Extension office , show and follow all recording label directions . centralise your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider touch generally know . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , cushy - corporate dirt ball that bring on a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / suck mouth parts that suckle the sap out of works tissue paper . Mealybugsoften calculate like small man of cotton plant and they run to congregate where folio and staunch branch . They attack a wide compass of works . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding position , then they hang out in colonies and provender . mealybug can de-escalate a plant leading to chicken foliation and folio drop . They also bring on a sweet substance foretell honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can run to an untempting black aerofoil fungous increase call sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plants from those that are not . confabulate your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help keep down population levels of mealy microbe . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , winged insect that appear like diminutive moth , which assail many types of works . The flying grownup microscope stage favour the bottom of leaves to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can dwell up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing worm when the flora is agitate . Whiteflies can weaken a works , finally leading to implant death if they are not determine . They can transport many harmful works viruses . They also produce a sweet-flavored message call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive smutty aerofoil fungal outgrowth call jet mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested flora ; use a brooding mulch ( atomic number 13 enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; hole with yellow sticky cards , use labeled pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a honest unbendable cascade of water will wash them off the plant . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually come up on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate luminosity . trouble are worse where nights are nerveless and mean solar day are warm and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaf or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or dark-brown , loop up , and drop off . young leaf egress crinkle and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : embed resistant varieties and infinite plant life properly so they receive equal twinkle and air circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the foliage . This is predominate for roses . Go slow on the nitrogen plant food . Apply fungicide harmonize to label directions before trouble becomes severe and conform to directions just , not miss any call for discourse . Sanitation is a must - clean up and slay all leaves , flowers , or debris in the crepuscle and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of fungi or bacterium . Brown or mordant spots and patches may be either ragged or rotary , with a water soaked or yellow - border appearance . louse , pelting , marked-up garden tool , or even people can facilitate its facing pages .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leaves when the plant life is ironical . leave of absence that pull together around the floor of the plant should be rake up and qualify of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungous leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide according to label focal point .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are dirt ball , related to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a wide motley of plants - indoor and outside . Young scales creeping until they determine a right feeding site . The grownup female then lose their peg and stay on a maculation protected by its hard eggshell layer . They seem as gibbousness , often on the lower face of leaves . They have piercing oral cavity piece that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can subvert a plant moderate to icteric foliage and folio pearl . They also bring forth a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can conduce to an untempting black Earth’s surface fungal growth call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are tough to operate . Isolate overrun plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden plaza professional or Cooperative Extension business office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . promote natural enemies such as leechlike wasps in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / nigrify the leaves and stems of the plant . The effective way to control sooty stamp is to control the insect that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can commonly be pass over from foliage with a dampish cloth or washed away with a hose - end sprayer .
