Falcons are among the most fascinating and diverse hoot of quarry , known for their speed , lightsomeness , and impressive hunting acquirement . Thetypes of falconsvary greatly , from the small American kestrel to the larger and more knock-down peregrine falcon falcon , each accommodate to specific environments and hunting techniques . Their sharp talon , penetrative seeing , and swift flight of steps make them exceptional predators , with over 40 recognized species worldwide .
In this article , we ’ll explore44 common type of falcons , offering detailed verbal description , identification tips , and a close look at their natural habitat . This guidebook will help oneself you better sympathize the unique features of each species and their behaviors , giving you a rich discernment of these noteworthy fowl .
From the well - known peregrine falcon falcon to the more elusive mintage like the Aplomado Falcon , thetypes of falconsin this list represent a broad kitchen stove of size , colors , and behaviour . Each species has its own unique characteristics , make them a captivating topic of subject for bird looker and nature lovers alike .
Different Types of Falcons
Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)
The Peregrine Falcon is widely known as one of the fastest razzing on Earth , capable of strain speeds over 200 miles per hour ( 322 km / h ) during its iconic hunting dive or stoop . This powerful raptor has a potent , muscular body with tenacious , point wings and a comparatively short tail . Its plumage typically features a blue - grayish back , barred white underparts , and a classifiable black “ moustache ” soft touch on its face , give it a bowelless and recognisable appearance .
In terms of statistical distribution , the Peregrine Falcon has one of the broadest range of anybird of fair game . It is discover on every continent except Antarctica , occupying a all-inclusive variety of home ground including coastal cliffs , mountains , river valleys , and increasingly , urban environments where improbable buildings mime born cliffs . In North America , they are commonly seen along the coasts , expectant river systems , and even in major cities like New York and Chicago .
An interesting aspect of the Peregrine Falcon is its remarkable conservation story . Once threaten due to pesticide utilisation , especially DDT , its populations have made a strong recovery thanks to acute conservation exertion . Today , Peregrine Falcons are often celebrated as a symbol of wildlife resilience and are frequently monitor and protected through particular nest box program in urban orbit .
American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)
The American Kestrel , often called the “ sparrow hawk , ” is the smallest and most colorful falcon chance inNorth America . Males are specially striking with blue - gray offstage , a hoary - red back and bottom , and a pale undersurface marked with contraband spot . female are slenderly larger and have more surmount , reddish - brown tone throughout their plumage with large barring on their wings and tail .
This adaptable bird of prey is find across much of the Americas , from northern Canada all the direction to South America . American Kestrels choose undefendable habitats such as grassland , deserts , meadows , and agrarian W. C. Fields where they can perch prominently on wires or fence office while scanning for target . They are commonly see hover graciously in the melody before swooping down on insects , small mammals , or reptile .
Besides their vibrant appearing , American Kestrels are known for their purpose of abandoned peckerwood holes or specially designed nest boxes for breeding . Their high up - pitched calls , often discover as a double “ klee - klee - klee , ” are a conversant speech sound in open countryside . Despite their adaptability , some population are declining due to habitat passing and pesticide exposure .
Prairie Falcon (Falco mexicanus)
The Prairie Falcon is a hardy and rich raptorial bird adapted to the open spaces of North America ’s western landscape . It has a pallid brown back , light underparts with faint barring , and typical dark axillaries ( “ axilla ” ) visible during flight . Compared to the Peregrine Falcon , the Prairie Falcon is slightly less aerodynamic but built for endurance and swift aerial hunting over farseeing distances .
This falcon primarily inhabits the arid and semi - arid regions of the western United States , from the Great Plains to the desert of the Southwest . Prairie falcon prefer wide - open spaces like grasslands , shrublands , and agricultural field of force where they can hunt ground squirrel , small birds , and reptiles . They typically nest on cliff faces but may also use extortionate bank and canyon wall .
Prairie Falcons are known for their rough hunting tactics and willingness to take on prey nearly their own size . They are powerful fliers and oft engage in long , grim chases or gamy - pep pill aerial attack . Their power to flourish in rough , dry environments sets them apart from many other falcons , highlighting their noteworthy adaptability .
Aplomado Falcon (Falco femoralis)
The Aplomado Falcon is an elegant , svelte raptorial bird with a outstanding pattern of contrasting colours . Adults have a dark-skinned slate - gray back and flank , a white pharynx and upper chest , and a black belly set separating the breast from the rufous underpart . They are further make out by a bold black facial masquerade party outlined with white , kick in them a crisply define , stylish appearance .
Historically widespread across the grasslands and exposed savannas of the southern United States , Mexico , Central , and South America , the Aplomado Falcon faced substantial population declines in North America during the 20th 100 . Today , preservation efforts have re-introduce them to parts of Texas and New Mexico , though they remain much more common in Mexico and throughout South America where they dwell similar undefended - res publica home ground .
The Aplomado Falcon is known for its agile flight and cooperative hunting deportment , often working in pairs to flush and becharm prey such as small birds , insects , and rodent . Unlike many other falcons , they frequently run on the wing at low height , using their swiftness and surprise to their vantage . Their rarity in parts of the U.S. makes sighting especially prized among birdwatchers and naturalists .
Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus)
The Gyrfalcon is the largest and most hefty falcon coinage in the world , known for its bulky frame , broad wing , and formidable hunting skills . Plumage color varies wide , ranging from almost sodding clean to dark gray or even about smuggled , though most birds display a patterned mix of grey and white-hot . Its strong soundbox , large sizing , and savage conduct make it unmistakable among other falcon .
This impressive raptor is aboriginal to the Arctic and sub - Arctic regions of North America , Europe , and Asia , favoring tundra , candid coastline , and mountainous areas . In North America , Gyrfalcons breed mainly in the northern parts of Canada and Alaska , and a few migrate south into the northerly United States during winter months . They are well accommodate to moth-eaten climate and often hunting ptarmigan , water bird , and hares across frozen landscape painting .
Falco rusticolus are extremely prized by falconers and bird enthusiasts due to their strength , infrequency , and dramatic show . Despite their remote home ground , they have been study extensively because of their role as top predators in fragile northern ecosystem . Their population trends are closely monitored as indicant of environmental health in Arctic regions , particularly in the face of climate modification .
Peale’s Falcon (Falco peregrinus pealei)
Peale ’s Falcon is a robust subspecies of the Peregrine Falcon , accommodate to the coastal environments of Alaska and westerly Canada . It is notably orotund and heavier than most other Peregrine Falcons , with darker , jet-black plumage that provides splendid disguise against rocky shoreline and drop . Its uncompromising physical body and herculean flight make it peculiarly adept at hunt down seabirds .
This coastal falcon is found in the first place along the tough Pacific coasts of Alaska , British Columbia , and part of Washington commonwealth . Peale ’s Falcons nest on remote sea cliffs , islands , and jolty promontories where seafowl colonies thrive . Unlike their more urbanised peregrine first cousin , Peale ’s Falcons remain closely bind to marine habitats year - round , relying heavily on pelagic prey like mug and murres .
Peale ’s Falcons are considered one of the most specialized peregrine falcon subspecies due to their strong association with marine surroundings . Their separated nesting locating and specific dieting essential make them vulnerable to environmental changes affecting seabird populations . Conservation efforts in coastal areas aim to protect both these formidable falcons and the ecosystem they depend on .
Bat Falcon (Falco rufigularis)
The Bat Falcon is a small , strikingly beautiful falcon characterise by its glossy opprobrious back , bloodless pharynx , and rich rufous - colored chest and belly . It has a heavyset , powerful shape with comparatively curt backstage and tooshie , making it extremely manoeuvrable in flight . Its acute contrast in coloration and pocket-size size make it easy to discover from other falcons when seen .
in the main disperse across Central and South America , the Bat Falcon is rarely observed in the United States , although occasional sighting have been recorded in southerly Texas and along the U.S.-Mexico edge . These boo prefer overt woodlands , woods edges , and clearings where they can hunt diminished birds , insect , and , true to their name , bats , often at evenfall or former evening .
Despite their rarity in North America , Bat Falcons are relatively common in tropical regions where suitable home ground live . They are admire for their nimble hunting style and impressive speed , often catch prey mid - air with incredible precision . Birdwatchers fortunate enough to espy one in Texas or Mexico regard it as a famous and exciting discovery due to its scarcity northerly of the tropics .
Lanner Falcon (Falco biarmicus)
The Lanner Falcon is a medium to turgid falcon recognized for its slender eubstance , long pointed wings , and a relatively farsighted tail . Its plumage is typically pallid below with streaking and dreary gray or chocolate-brown above , and it often has a pale capitulum with a contrasting dark moustache stripe . compare to the Peregrine Falcon , the Lanner appear less compact and has a light , more floaty flight stylus .
aboriginal to Africa , the Middle East , and section of southerly Europe , the Lanner Falcon prefers open habitats such as savannah , deserts , and hilly regions . It often cuddle on drop faces and sometimes uses abandon nests of other bombastic birds . Unlike more urban - adapted falcons , Lanners ordinarily abide away from hard populated human areas , instead favor wild and semi - uncivilized landscapes .
Lanner Falcons are know for their accommodative hunting conduct , specially among crime syndicate groups . They oft hunt intermediate - sized bird such as dove and pigeon and are admired for their impressive aerial pursuits . In some regions , they are also traditionally used in falconry , prize for their intelligence , trainability , and strong partnership with human handlers .
Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug)
The Saker Falcon is one of the largest species of falcons , known for its robust soma , unspecific wing , and brawny flight . It features a dark-brown upper body , often with pale head , and heavily streaky underparts . Sakers can depart wide in colouration , crop from glowering brown to almost arenaceous , calculate on their geographic line .
This telling falcon inhabit the open field , grasslands , and comeupance of Eastern Europe , Central Asia , and parts of the Middle East . It is in particular associated with the vast steppe and semi - arid neighborhood , where it hunts a potpourri of quarry including rodent , birds , and reptile . In recent years , home ground exit and trap for falconry have led to universe decline , making conservation effort crucial .
The Saker Falcon holds significant cultural grandness , especially in the Middle East where it is prized in traditional falconry . Its powerful and determined hunt trend , along with its adaptability to different quarry case , make it one of the most respected hoot among falconers . International program now shape to protect wild populations while supporting sustainable falconry practice .
Laggar Falcon (Falco jugger)
The Laggar Falcon is a heavyset , medium - sized falcon that presents a subdued but handsome appearance . Its plumage is mostly gray - brownish on the upper side with paler underparts that are light streaky . It has a relatively large top dog , dark moustache target , and a somewhat heavier build compare to alike species like the Lanner Falcon .
Native to the Native American subcontinent , the Laggar Falcon primarily occupy juiceless undetermined areas , savannas , and agricultural fields across India , Pakistan , and surrounding area . It often nests on cliffs , old buildings , or even in prominent Tree , and it tends to be a relatively sedentary species , not migrating over long length .
The Laggar Falcon is oftentimes used in traditional falconry in South Asia , though its idle populations have suffer from habitat departure , pesticide use , and rival with acquaint mintage . Its hunt style involves lowly - level pursuits of birds and diminished mammals , and it is valued for its tenacity and survival rather than cobwebby speed .
Barbary Falcon (Falco pelegrinoides)
The Barbary Falcon is a small , refined falcon tight related to the Peregrine Falcon but adapted to warmer , arid environments . It has a streamlined , stocky organic structure with a pale gray - amobarbital sodium back , buff underparts streaked with pitch-dark , and a distinct dark moustache mark . It is slightly smaller and loose than the Peregrine , often appearing more slender in flying .
This falcon populate parts of North Africa , the Middle East , and southwesterly Asia , typically favor deserts , rocky hillsides , and coastal cliffs . Barbary Falcons are nonmigratory breeders in their district and do not transmigrate extensively . They often trace minuscule to intermediate - sized birds in tight , nimble flight of stairs and are adept at ambushing target in assailable state .
Despite their unaired resemblance to Falco peregrinus , Barbary Falcons exhibit unequalled behavioral adaptations suited for hotter climates . They are revered in traditional falconry , particularly in North Africa and Arabia , and are sometimes confuse with Peregrines when discern in overlap neighborhood . Conservation efforts in some areas focus on protecting primal nesting sites from human disturbance .
New Zealand Falcon / Kārearea (Falco novaeseelandiae)
The New Zealand Falcon , topically known as the Kārearea , is a brawny , quick falcon endemic to New Zealand . It is slightly humble than the Peregrine Falcon but appears larger and more full-bodied due to its broad wing and intense hunting behavior . Its plumage varies regionally but typically includes dark brown to blackish upperparts and paler , intemperately streaked underparts .
This unequaled bird of prey inhabit a all-embracing range of environments across New Zealand , from coastal sphere to forests , alpine zones , and even modified farmland . Unlike many falcons that favour subject terrain , the Kārearea is extremely adaptable and often hunts in dense forests , using speedy , surprisal attacks to catch quarry such as small wench , worm , and from time to time mammals .
The Kārearea holds ethnical import in Māori tradition and persist a precious symbol of forcefulness and independence . It is currently classified as endanger , primarily due to habitat red , predation by infix species , and human being - interrelate pressures . Conservation go-ahead aim to protect breeding home ground and resurrect cognizance about this singular , native predator .
Taita Falcon (Falco fasciinucha)
The Taita Falcon is a small , compact falcon known for its fleet trajectory and bold hunting vogue . It has dark slating - gray upperparts , a blank throat , and rich chestnut tree underpart mark with fine run . Its distinctive facial pattern let in a dreary helmet and faint moustache stripe , giving it a ferocious coming into court despite its sizing .
This rare falcon inhabits sequester craggy region and outrageous river gorge in East and southern Africa , peculiarly in Zimbabwe , Zambia , Malawi , and Tanzania . It opt tough cliffs for nesting and is closely tied to field with permanent weewee source where prey is abundant . Taita Falcons are highly territorial and typically concern the same breeding sites year after twelvemonth .
Taita falcon are specialized hunters , prey mainly on little birds captured in mid - strain . Their population are consider vulnerable due to their specific home ground needs , low reproductive rate , and threat such as home ground debasement and human disturbance . preservation efforts are of the essence to ensure the survival of this problematical and fascinating species .
Orange-breasted Falcon (Falco deiroleucus)
The Orange - breasted Falcon is a striking , medium - sized falcon get it on for its vibrant colour and rarity . It display dark slate - blue upperparts , a vivid orange thorax and belly , and strong black facial scoring . Its rich body , broad annexe , and little prat contribute to its knock-down , agile flight .
This species in the first place inhabit tropic and semitropic forest along drop and protective embankment in Central and South America , from southern Mexico through Guatemala and into office of northerly South America . It is highly strung-out on forested mountain domain with abundant bird prey , make it highly susceptible to habitat exit .
Due to its humbled population denseness , specialized habitat requirements , and on-going threats from deforestation , the Orange - summit Falcon is listed as most - threatened . Intensive preservation programs , include captive breeding and habitat protection , have been initiated to preserve this noteworthy raptor in the wild .
Eurasian Hobby (Falco subbuteo)
The Eurasian Hobby is a streamlined , fast - flying falcon renowned for its aery agility and insect - catch attainment . adult are qualify by blue - white-haired upperparts , white underpart mottle with sinister , and copious rufous thigh and undertail cover . A bold saturnine mustache bar enhances its aerodynamic , predatory appearance .
This widespread falcon breed across Europe , North Africa , and Asia , migrating to sub - Saharan Africa and southern Asia for the wintertime . It choose open woodland , wetlands , and savanna landscapes where it can run insects and small birds with remarkable amphetamine and manual dexterity . Hobbies often draw close in old nest of other birds such as Crow .
Eurasian Hobbies are often observed empty the throat for dragonflies and other vaporize insects at evenfall , exhibiting striking aerial performances . They are admired for their refined flight and are occasionally catch near human habitation during migration , though they loosely favour less disturbed area for bringing up .
African Hobby (Falco cuvierii)
The African Hobby is a little , slender falcon celebrate for its fleet , nimble flight and insectivorous diet . Its plumage features slate - gray upperparts , a white throat , and a rufous breast and abdomen with fine streaking . Its relatively tenacious wing and rear give it a graceful , perky flight way .
This specie is found across sub - Saharan Africa , specially favoring exposed timber , savannas , and wetland . It is most alive at break of day and crepuscle when flee dirt ball such as beetles , white ant , and darning needle are abundant . African Hobbies often hunt on the extension , capturing fair game with athletic manoeuvre .
Despite being far-flung , the African Hobby is not often see due to its unnoticeable habits and druthers for lightly wooded , less accessible sphere . It is generally considered stable , although localized threats such as home ground devastation and pesticide use could impact certain populations over time .
Oriental Hobby (Falco severus)
The Oriental Hobby is a small , colourful falcon known for its bright rufous underparts and colored upperparts . Its slender physique , short fundament , and narrow wings are adapted for rapid , agile escape . The facial markings include a decided dark mustache stripe contrasting with its wan throat , enhancing its awake facial expression .
This mintage dwell Southeast Asia , from the Native American subcontinent through southern China and into Indonesia and the Philippines . It favors forest edge , overt timber , and sometimes cragged areas where it hunts birds , bats , and insects in fleet aerial chases . It often nest in tree enclosed space or uses sure-enough nests of other birds .
The Oriental Hobby is admire for its dynamic hunting and is sometimes encounter near human settlements , especially where woods see farming commonwealth . Although not currently regard threatened , deforestation and home ground variety could pose future risks to local populations if conservation measures are not maintained .
Australian Hobby (Falco longipennis)
The Australian Hobby is a sleek , medium - sized falcon lie with for its flowing organic structure and swift , acrobatic flight . It feature disconsolate drear - gray upperparts , pale underpart streak heavily with glowering marker , and a prominent facial pattern with a narrow-minded mustache stripe . Its recollective wings and tail make it particularly nimble when prosecute quarry .
This metal money is widely distributed across mainland Australia , especially in undefendable woodlands , grasslands , and around urban areas . It run to be more common in the north and less frequent in densely forest regions . The Australian Hobby is extremely adaptable and often takes reward of alter landscape painting such as cultivated land and metropolis commons .
The Australian Hobby mainly hunts little bird , worm , and bats , typically catching them on the wing . It is have sex for its dusk hunting activity and its inclination to recycle old nests of other birds for procreation . Although generally considered secure , localized declination may pass where pesticide use reduces prey availableness .
Brown Falcon (Falco berigora)
The Brown Falcon is a robust and hard built falcon with highly varying plume . It often appear brown with pallid underpart streaked or blotch with darker marks , although lighter and darker morphs are common . Its heavy bill and panoptic backstage distinguish it from slight falcon .
Endemic to Australia and region of Papua New Guinea , the Brown Falcon inhabit open forest , grasslands , scrubland , and agrarian neighborhood . It is one of Australia ’s most far-flung birds of prey , adapting well to a variety of surroundings , including arid inland areas .
Unlike many falcon that specialize in aeriform hunting , the Brown Falcon often hunts from a perch or low flight , capturing reptiles , small mammal , insect , and carrion . It is known for its resourceful eating habits and sometimes even survey locoweed fire to catch escaping prey . Its diverse dieting and adaptability have helped preserve its strong populations across its range .
Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)
The Common Kestrel is a small to medium - sized falcon , well recognized by its rufous back and upperwings speckle with black , gray-headed question , and thinly streak pale underpart . When hunting , it is famous for its “ hover ” behavior , holding itself steady against the wind while scan the ground for fair game .
This far-flung mintage ranges throughout Europe , Asia , and Africa , engross a variety of exposed habitats such as farmland , heathland , grassland , and even urban field . It is highly adaptable and often realise perched along wayside or vacillate over field in search of modest mammal and louse .
Common Kestrels are extremely opportunistic hunters , with diets variegate depending on local availableness . They spawn in tree hollows , cliff , and buildings , often using one-time nest built by other coinage . Though generally abundant , local universe can fluctuate base on prey copiousness and agricultural practices that bear on habitat quality .
Lesser Kestrel (Falco naumanni)
The Lesser Kestrel is a little , graceful falcon resembling the Common Kestrel but distinguished by its slightly small size , light form , and male miss the labored sinister espial on the back . Males have a pallid blue - gray head and derriere and a rusty back , while females are more uniformly chocolate-brown .
This migratory species breeds in southern Europe , North Africa , and character of Central Asia , wintering mainly in sub - Saharan Africa and the Native American subcontinent . It prefers capable countryside , farmland , and steppe surroundings , often draw close colonially in building , drop-off , or former ruins .
The Lesser Kestrel principally hunts insect such as locusts and beetles , especially during the non - breeding time of year . While planetary population are recovering thanks to conservation efforts , the species remain vulnerable in parts of its range due to habitat red ink and agricultural intensification that reduce uncommitted fair game .
Australian Kestrel / Nankeen Kestrel (Falco cenchroides)
The Australian Kestrel , also known as the Nankeen Kestrel , is a slender , lightly built falcon with pale rufous upperparts , bleak - espy back , and off - white underparts . Its face feature a minute black mustache stripe , and it often vibrate effortlessly while hunt in open quad .
This specie is widespread across mainland Australia , New Guinea , and nearby island , inhabiting open forest , grassland , coastal dunes , and urban areas . It is extremely resistant of homo - altered landscapes and can often be seen along wayside , farmland , and city edge .
The Australian Kestrel primarily feeds on worm , small mammals , and reptiles . Like its relative , it often utilise vacillate techniques to locate quarry . Breeding usually takes blank space in tree hollow out , cliff ledge , or on construction ledge . The species is considered stable and common throughout much of its range , benefiting from its adaptability to various environments .
Greater Kestrel (Falco rupicoloides)
The Greater Kestrel is a medium - sized , pale - colored American kestrel with rufous upperparts intemperately block up with black and a whitish head and underparts . Its ramification are noticeably longer than in other Falco tinnunculus species , give it a distinctive silhouette when perch .
Native to the savannas and semi - arid regions of eastern and southern Africa , the Greater Kestrel inhabits open plains , scrubland , and lightly wooded areas . It typically prefer area with scattered trees or shrub that offer perching chance for hunt .
Greater Kestrels principally fee on louse , small reptiles , and rodents , often hunting from exposed perches . They are less inclined to hover than other kestrels and instead rely on discriminating eyesight and fleet attack from a perch . Despite habitat pressures in some regions , their population is generally considered stable across their range .
Rock Kestrel (Falco rupicolus)
The Rock Kestrel is a medium - sized falcon with a preponderantly rufous back and upperwings , gently streaked underpart , and a grayish drumhead in male . It intimately resembles the Common Kestrel but is typically pale and adapted to more arid environment . Its broad backstage and slenderly rounded tail are well suitable for soaring and loom over jolting terrain .
This species is widely distribute throughout southern Africa , favoring ironic , open habitats such as rough outcrops , mountainsides , and semi - arid savannas . It can often be see roost on cliff , phone poles , or termite mounds , scanning the landscape for prey .
The Rock Kestrel prey primarily on insects , reptiles , and small mammalian . It is known for its hovering flight of steps when hunt and often nests in cliff crevices or vacate stick nests . Its adaptability to broken and dry habitats has made it a common and stable mien across much of its ambit .
Spotted Kestrel (Falco moluccensis)
The Spotted Kestrel is a small falcon signalize by its heavily recognise chest and underpart , reddish - dark-brown upperparts , and dark markings on its side . Males and female are standardized in show , but males may show slightly bright plumage .
Native to Indonesia , specially the island of Sulawesi and the Moluccas , the Spotted Kestrel inhabits open forests , agricultural areas , and forest sharpness . It is a resident species that does not transmigrate , relying on a stable year - circle home ground .
This kestrel mainly feeds on dirt ball and small vertebrates , often hunting from gloomy perches or while hover . Though not as well canvas as some other Falco tinnunculus species , it appears to have static populations within its limited image , aided by its ability to live in lightly disturbed environs .
Fox Kestrel (Falco alopex)
The Fox Kestrel is a striking falcon with rich rufous plumage across its integral organic structure , complemented by black blackball on the wings and fanny . Its slim figure and long pointed wing give it an elegant visibility , especially when glide or soaring .
This Falco tinnunculus is regain across the Sahel area of Africa , from Senegal to Sudan , prefer subject grasslands , savannas , and rough hillside . It typically deflect dim forests and is often seen light high up above the ground or soaring at outstanding heights .
Fox Kestrels primarily hunt insects , small reptiles , and rodents . They are known for their astray - ranging escape and their tendency to hunt down by swooping from exalted pole . Despite facing localized home ground expiration , the species maintains a generally unchanging comportment due to the vast extent of worthy open habitats .
Gray Kestrel (Falco ardosiaceus)
The Gray Kestrel is a small , stocky falcon characterized by its uniform gray feather , short bottom , and pale face . Its understated colouration make it stand out among kestrel specie , which are often more brightly colored .
Widespread across sub - Saharan Africa , the Gray Kestrel inhabits savannas , heart-to-heart woodlands , and wood edges . It favors area with scattered Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree and can often be found near water sources , such as rivers and wetlands .
Primarily a crepuscular hunter , the Gray Kestrel feeds on insects , pocket-size mammals , reptiles , and amphibians . It often hunts from a perch , swooping down apace to seize prey . Its predilection for dawn and dusk bodily function , along with its discreet colour , can sometimes make it difficult to observe in the wild .
Dickinson’s Kestrel (Falco dickinsoni)
Dickinson ’s Kestrel is a small falcon with a pallid grey head and back , darker trajectory plume , and finely streak white underpart . It has a relatively short tooshie and wide backstage , grant it a summary appearance in flying .
This species is mainly found in eastern and southeastern Africa , where it dwell candid savannas , coastal woodlands , and forest sharpness , peculiarly those boast abundantpalm trees . It often light conspicuously atop isolated Tree or utility pole .
Dickinson ’s Kestrel feed mostly on insects , modest fowl , and reptilian , often run by short aery sallies from a high perch . It is look at rare throughout much of its range but remain topically abundant where suitable habitat exists , gain specially from the front of open domain with garbled tall trees .
Mauritius Kestrel (Falco punctatus)
The Mauritius Kestrel is a small falcon that was once critically endanger but has seen a noteworthy recovery due to intense preservation effort . It has a relatively plain appearance , with a streaked , brownish upper body and pale underparts . Males are slightly smaller and more colourful than female person , who have darker , more subdued plumage .
This species is indigenous to the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean , where it primarily inhabit obtuse forests and forest sharpness . Its population was critically humble in the 1970s , but through absorbed breeding and reintroduction syllabus , the Mauritius Kestrel has experienced a meaning recovery and now survives in protected areas .
The Mauritius Kestrel predate on dirt ball , small chick , and reptiles . It typically hunt from perch , clear ready , inadequate flights to capture prey . Though still listed as vulnerable , ongoing conservation efforts have greatly improved its status , and it is now more commonly go steady in the natural state , particularly in the woods of Mauritius .
Seychelles Kestrel (Falco araea)
The Seychelles Kestrel is a small falcon endemic to the Seychelles islands , specially rule on Mahé and Praslin . It has a characteristic rufous - brownish plume with darker streak on the back and a wan underbelly . The coinage exhibit sexual dimorphism , with male being little and having somewhat brighter plume .
This sparrow hawk ’s range is restrict to the Seychelles archipelago in the Indian Ocean , where it resides in forested hills , coastal country , and plantations . Its habitat has been greatly affected by deforestation , but conservation cause are help protect its remaining home ground .
The Seychelles Kestrel mainly hunts pocket-sized vertebrates such as lizards , boo , and insect . It often hunts from perches and makes forgetful flights to catch prey . The species has face significant universe declines in the past but has made a recovery due to intensive conservation programme focused on nest internet site protective cover and habitat restoration .
Malagasy Kestrel (Falco newtoni)
The Malagasy Kestrel is a intermediate - sized falcon with a distinctive appearance , including pale underparts , rufous upperparts , and streak feathers on its chest and sides . The species has a characteristic morose masque across its eyes and a slenderly darker keister compared to the residue of its eubstance .
Endemic to Madagascar , the Malagasy Kestrel inhabits open forests , savannah , and coastal regions , often being find in agricultural areas and near human settlements . It is relatively common across its range and can be found throughout the island .
This kestrel feed on dirt ball , small-scale reptile , and birds . It is know for its power to hunt in a sort of habitat , often hunting from a perch or during low , fast flights . The Malagasy Kestrel is not currently considered threatened , though habitat destruction could bear on its populations in the future .
Banded Kestrel (Falco zoniventris)
The Banded Kestrel is a small falcon with a distinctive appearance . Its back is typically browned with darker streaks , while the underparts are wan with prominent non-white bands . It has a comparatively short fundament and broad fender , making it agile in trajectory . This species is modest than many other kestrels , with a more compact shape .
Native to Madagascar , the Banded Kestrel is establish in wooded orbit and savannas , often at higher height . It prefers woodland edges and can sometimes be visit near farming zones . The specie is somewhat secretive and can be difficult to spot due to its cryptic feather .
The Banded Kestrel feed mainly on little birds , insect , and reptiles , which it captures while flying or from a perch . Though not wide studied , the Banded Kestrel ’s populations seem unchanging in areas with suitable habitat . Deforestation poses a threat to this species , as it shrink the availability of suitable nesting and hunt expanse .
Saint Helena Kestrel (Falco novaezealandiae) – Extinct
The Saint Helena Kestrel was a little , dark falcon that once populate the island of Saint Helena in the South Atlantic Ocean . Its plumage was a mix of dismal brown and rufous , with streaks on the chest and a lighter underside . It had a full-bodied build and poor tail , like to other kestrel species .
indigenous to Saint Helena , this kestrel species was known to inhabit the island ’s cliffs and rocky outcrops . The introduction of non - native species and habitat demolition led to a striking decline in its population , and the species was declared nonextant by the early 20th one C .
Before its extinction , the Saint Helena Kestrel primarily hunted small invertebrates and birds . It was noted for its relatively solitary nature , often image run from perches or in inadequate , low-pitched flights . The defunctness of this coinage service as a reminder of the impingement of introduced species and home ground alteration on island ecosystem .
Red-footed Falcon (Falco vespertinus)
The Red - footed Falcon is a small and colored falcon characterized by its take cherry-red - orange leg and feet , which stand out against its light greyish - risque upperparts and lily-white underbelly . The male person is more vividly colour , with a pale blue back and a distinct , dingy face masquerade . female person and juveniles are more brown and streaked but share the characteristic red feet .
This species has a wide distribution across Eastern Europe , Central Asia , and parts of North Africa . It is often rule in loose landscape , such as farming area , grasslands , and lowland steppe . During the education season , the blood-red - footed Falcon prefers tree groves , where it cuddle in abandoned nest of other birds , particularly crows .
The Red - footed Falcon feeds primarily on insects , particularly large grasshopper , mallet , and locust , as well as humble birds and rodents . It is eff for its spectacular hunting style , which involves becharm prey in mid - zephyr . This species migrate to sub - Saharan Africa for the winter , making it a migrant Bronx cheer of prey .
Amur Falcon (Falco amurensis)
The Amur Falcon is a small falcon eff for its singular migratory behavior , covering one thousand of kilometers between its fosterage grounds in Eastern Russia and its wintering earth in southern Africa . It has a slender organic structure , with male being specially striking due to their ticket - gray upperparts and orange - dark-brown underparts . Females and juveniles are more brown and streaky , resemble other kestrel species .
Amur falcon breed in the open woodland and grassland of Siberia and northerly China . During the winter month , they travel south to the savannas and grasslands of sub - Saharan Africa . The species is typically receive in areas with large open spaces and sparse vegetation , where it can hunt insects and modest vertebrates .
This falcon in the main feeds on insect , particularly locust and grasshopper , and small bird . Its power to migrate over vast distances is a testament to its adaptability and stamina . It has become well - known for its migration , one of the longest sleep with for any chick of prey , and is of significant interest to bird watcher .
Eleonora’s Falcon (Falco eleonorae)
Eleonora ’s Falcon is a medium - sized falcon jazz for its typical behavior of engender during former summertime and autumn , which is unusual for falcons . It has a slender eubstance , with a pale grey back , dark wing , and a streaky underside . The male are typically more salient , with a silvery - gray hue on their back and a dark-skinned grimace mask , while females are more chocolate-brown and streaky .
This species is chiefly found on Mediterranean islands , include the Balearics , Sardinia , and Sicily , as well as parts of North Africa . Eleonora ’s Falcon prefers rocky , coastal drop , where it nestle in secluded scissure . The specie has a strong preference for coastal areas , where it has well-heeled access to its prey , specially small passeriform bird birds .
Eleonora ’s Falcon is a specialiser in catching small birds , in particular during their migration periods , making it one of the few falcons that hound during the late summer and autumn . This mintage has singular breeding habit , as it often synchronizes its fosterage with the migration design of low passerines , which swear out as its main solid food author .
Sooty Falcon (Falco concolor)
The Sooty Falcon is a medium - sized falcon with dark feather , which contribute it a slightly mysterious appearing . Its back and wings are a deep , dark brown , almost black , while its underpart are calorie-free and slightly streaked . This species has a recollective tail , a gadget characteristic of many falcons , and its astute nozzle and keen eyes give it a predatory look .
The Sooty Falcon is primarily found in the Arabian Peninsula and component of northeast Africa , including the coastal regions of the Red Sea . It prefer arid , bumpy environs , often living in coastal desert and island with minimal human disturbance . This falcon is known for its solitary nature and is often found alone or in pocket-size grouping .
This mintage is known to hound small birds and insects , typically using its agility to catch prey in mid - flight . Unlike many other falcon species , the Sooty Falcon has adapt to the harsh desert environs and is known to multiply in the rocky outcrops of arid regions . The mintage is consider uncommon but not presently threaten .
Gray Falcon (Falco hypoleucos)
The Gray Falcon is a gravid , pale falcon with a silvern - grey back , a white face , and drear streaks on its bureau and underparts . It has a long , narrow tail and all-inclusive wings , allow it to glide effortlessly through receptive spaces . Its overall appearance is sleek and aerodynamic , built for gamy - speed pursuits of quarry .
aboriginal to Australia , the Gray Falcon is found in the arid inside of the continent , especially in the vast , undetermined deserts . It prefers bouldery outcrop and flat plains , where it can hunt for small mammals , bird , and reptiles . The species has a passably solitary nature , often check alone or in pairs .
This falcon is make love for its fleet and unmediated flight , which it uses to pursue small mammal and birds , often catching them mid - flight . The Gray Falcon is one of the rarer falcon species in Australia , but it is a muscular predatory animal subject of fly high in the tough desert environments .
Madagascar Falcon (Falco falconidae) – Extinct
The Madagascar Falcon , now extinct , was once a aboriginal species of the island of Madagascar . This falcon was similar in appearance to other sparrow hawk mintage , with streaky feathers on its chest and a more rufous hue across its body . It had strong wings and an streamlined torso built for hunt down belittled craniate and insects .
autochthonous to Madagascar , this species once inhabited a variety of habitats across the island , include woodland and grasslands . The Madagascar Falcon is thought to have been a top predator in its ecosystem before its extinction , largely due to habitat destruction and the founding of non - aboriginal predators .
Though nonextant , the Madagascar Falcon ’s presence in the fossil book has given researchers worthful insight into the organic evolution of falcon species on islands . Its quenching help as a reminder of the soft balance of island ecosystems and the impact of human activity on native specie .
Saint Helena Falcon (Falco duboisi) – Extinct
The Saint Helena Falcon was a small falcon species that once inhabit the island of Saint Helena , a volcanic island in the South Atlantic . Its feather was dark and streaked , with a somewhat cryptic show that helped it combine into its rocky habitat . The species had a comparatively short , rounded fanny and astute , powerful talons .
Endemic to the island of Saint Helena , this species was qualify to the rugged drop and volcanic crag of the island . It primarily feed on small birds and dirt ball , using its quick flight and sharp imagination to capture quarry . However , the launching of non - aboriginal metal money and habitat destruction run to its gradual declivity .
The Saint Helena Falcon was adjudge extinct in the sixteenth hundred , likely due to predation by insert species and the loss of its rude home ground . Today , it continue a symbolisation of the fragile nature of island ecosystems , highlighting the grandness of protect native species and habitat .
